{"componentChunkName":"component---src-templates-blog-detail-tsx","path":"/blog/2020-10-25-serverless-order","result":{"data":{"currentBlog":{"id":"bb1e667a-3b55-5ab5-b1d0-fc6480061def","frontmatter":{"thumbnail":"https://img.serverlesscloud.cn/2020115/1604567165601-spboot.jpg","authors":["Freeeeeedom"],"categories":["user-stories"],"date":"2020-10-25T00:00:00.000Z","title":"Springboot 之基于 Serverless 的订单应用","description":"Java 是最好的语言","authorslink":["https://freeeeeedom.github.io/"],"translators":null,"translatorslink":null,"tags":["Serverless","Springboot"],"keywords":null,"outdated":null},"wordCount":{"words":275,"sentences":65,"paragraphs":64},"fileAbsolutePath":"/opt/build/repo/content/blog/2020-10-25-serverless-order.md","fields":{"slug":"/blog/2020-10-25-serverless-order/","keywords":["go","java","php","python","serverless","无服务器","云函数","函数","网关","部署","springboot","serverlesscloud","log"]},"html":"

前言

\n

这是一个 JAVA 开发的订单后台应用（没错！就是那个让无数大学生痛不欲生的订单后台系统），结合 Serverless 这一无服务器思想，尝试通过云函数 + API 网关 + 云数据库的组合来部署 Springboot 的成功之作。

\n

该应用提供了完整的用户登录验证、接口数据验证、订单流 (CRUD) 等强大的功能，而且在本地开发调试时也能模拟 API 网关调用云函数（本地 Java 开发云端部署不是问题），还兼容了云消息队列 CMQ 的调用，以便后续开发引入云中间件。

\n

同时，这种部署方式也能让其他的 Springboot 很快地转换为云函数部署。

\n

为响应国家「十四五计划」的环保计划，特地的研究了一下传说中的 Serverless 方案（省服务器 😄），于是便有了这次尝试。

\n

语言和框架

\n\n

部署准备

\n
    \n
  1. 注册个腾讯云账号
    2. \n
  2. 开通以下产品权限（云函数、API 网关、对象存储）
    3. \n
  3. 财力允许的话还可以购买数据库服务（因为年少轻狂打折时我购买了这俩很长很长时间)
    4. \n
  4. mysql数据库
    5. \n
  5. redis数据库
    6. \n
\n

\n

部署方案

\n

订单应用来说的话，必然是提供 restful 的接口，所以在统一 VPC 内采用了云函数 + API 网关的模式提供接口，于是就有了以下方案：

\n
    \n
  1. 应用主体部署在云函数
    2. \n
  2. 使用 API 网关作为函数入口
    3. \n
  3. 页面则是使用了对象存储部署
    4. \n
  4. 数据库方面则使用了同一 vpc 下的云数据库(财力有限只尝试了 mysql、redis，理论上其他应该都可行)
    5. \n
\n

尝试部署

\n

要让 JAVA 工程部署到云函数上，首先了解什么是云函数(以下摘自微信开放文档)

\n
云函数即在云端（服务器端）运行的函数。在物理设计上，一个云函数可由多个文件组成，占用一定量的 CPU 内存等计算资源；各云函数完全独立；可分别部署在不同的地区。开发者无需购买、搭建服务器，只需编写函数代码并部署到云端即可在小程序端调用，同时云函数之间也可互相调用。
\n

云函数其实就是将业务拆分成函数粒度部署在云上，那么就写了个简单的 demo 部署到云函数上，并且配上了 API 网关尝试调用。

\n insertParam) {\n log.info("param:{}", gson.toJson(insertParam);\n Gson gson = new GsonBuilder().disableHtmlEscaping().create();\n try {\n Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");\n } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {\n log.error("内部处理异常", e);\n }\n Map response = new HashMap();\n JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate();\n jdbcTemplate.setDataSource(dataSource1);\n Map order = jdbcTemplate.queryForMap("select order_id,create_time from \\`order\\` limit 1");\n log.info(order.toString());\n return buildResponse(gson, gson.toJson(order), response);\n }\n\n private Object buildResponse(Gson gson, String json, Map response) {\n Map headers = new HashMap(1);\n headers.put("Content-Type", "application/json");\n response.put("statusCode", HttpStatus.OK.value());\n response.put("headers", headers);\n response.put("body", json);\n return gson.toJson(response);\n }\n}`, `12755787186976030000`)\"\n >\n \n 复制代码\n \n \n
 /**\n * 纯javascf快速开发部署(不走springboot)\n *\n * @author Freeeeeedom\n * @date 2020/10/24 10:31\n */\npublic class Scf {\n    /**\n     * log Object\n     */\n    private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Scf.class);\n    private static DruidDataSource dataSource1 = new DruidDataSource();\n\n    static {\n        //此处加载或修改数据源 多数据源配置多个\n        dataSource1.setUsername(\"Freeeeeedom\");\n        dataSource1.setUrl(\"jdbc:mysql://Freeeeeedom?autoReconnectForPools=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai\");\n        dataSource1.setPassword(\"Freeeeeedom\");\n        dataSource1.setMinIdle(1);\n        dataSource1.setMaxActive(5);\n        dataSource1.setMaxWait(10000);\n        dataSource1.setValidationQuery(\"SELECT 1 from dual\");\n        log.info(\"数据源加载ok~\");\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * 纯scf入口参数\n     *\n     * @param insertParam 入参\n     * @return java.lang.Object 执行结果\n     * @author Freeeeeedom\n     * @date 2020/10/24 10:31\n     */\n    public Object pure(Map<String, Object> insertParam) {\n        log.info(\"param:{}\", gson.toJson(insertParam);\n        Gson gson = new GsonBuilder().disableHtmlEscaping().create();\n        try {\n            Class.forName(\"com.mysql.jdbc.Driver\");\n        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {\n            log.error(\"内部处理异常\", e);\n        }\n        Map response = new HashMap();\n        JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate();\n        jdbcTemplate.setDataSource(dataSource1);\n        Map order = jdbcTemplate.queryForMap(\"select order_id,create_time from `order` limit 1\");\n        log.info(order.toString());\n        return buildResponse(gson, gson.toJson(order), response);\n    }\n\n    private Object buildResponse(Gson gson, String json, Map response) {\n        Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap(1);\n        headers.put(\"Content-Type\", \"application/json\");\n        response.put(\"statusCode\", HttpStatus.OK.value());\n        response.put(\"headers\", headers);\n        response.put(\"body\", json);\n        return gson.toJson(response);\n    }\n}
\n

只需要打包好代码，然后将入口函数设置为 scf.Scf::pure 就实现了接收数据，然后从数据库查询了第一个订单的 id 和创建时间并且返回的能力：

\n

\n

每一次通过 API 网关触发云函数都会触发 pure 这个方法(调用者 > 调用 API 网关 > 云函数 --> pure)，但经测试发现 static 的数据源初始化并不会被重复加载，这也奠定了 springboot 可部署基础。

\n

其中通过 log 打印 API 网关带来的参数，直接将其复制为 json，然后通过 main 函数模拟调用，这样就实现了本地模拟 serverless 部署后的调用。

\n
log.info("param:{}", gson.toJson(insertParam);
\n

有了这些基础，那么只需要有一个入口类模拟 springboot 启动的加载，然后再映射一下 API 网关过来入口参数，即可实现 springboot 在云函数上部署（其实就是上面 SCF 类的超级 plus 版本）。

\n

** API 网关配置**

\n

这里的路径参数对应 springboot 里的 mapping 路径

\n

\n

\n

本地调试

\n

有了上面那些 demo 后，可得知我们模拟云端部署运行已经不是问题。那么怎么在本地调试呢？答案很简单，直接启动 springboot 然后调正常就完事了。

\n

没错，就是直接用原生的 springboot 玩法即可。把 springboot 部署到云函数其实就是外挂了一个 springboot 的启动类（设计模式上叫适配器模式？(+_+)?

\n

功能

\n

完整的 springboot，能用 springboot 做的都能实现，我只是编写了一些小功能验证这个应用。

\n
    \n
  • 与本地服务器数据库连接
    • \n
  • 云数据库连接
    • \n
  • vpc数据库连接
    • \n
  • 外部接口调用(发短信验证码)
    • \n
  • 实现简单的订单流 (crud)
    • \n
  • 实现简单的登录能力
    • \n
  • 实现简单的数据验证能力
    • \n
\n

整个项目功能简单但代码却不少。

\n

安全

\n

首先 \"serverless\"、\"腾讯\"、\"云服务\" 这几个词就足以代表安全了，但为了功能完整性我还是尝试加了点东西。

\n

在这个系统中，我选择了 header 中加签名的方式验证数据，原因是啥，操作简单，有效呗。加密手段和方案暂且不说，就从流程上来看，是很方便的:

\n
    \n
  1. 从 API 网关调用参数中获取到 header，body
    2. \n
  2. 验证数据有效性
    3. \n
  3. 请求转入业务模块
    4. \n
  4. 验证数据有效性
    5. \n
  5. 参数进入功能模块
    6. \n
  6. 验证数据有效性
    7. \n
  7. ………………
    8. \n
\n

其实只有 123 步骤是最有效的，后面的 45678 如果你想的话……更不用说 API 网关本身提供的鉴权功能了。

\n

\n

性能

\n

内存的话对于订单系统来说单次请求加上 JVM 也才 300mb，而云函数单个函数执行内存能拉到 3GB，哪怕有点量的分布式计算应该问题也不大。

\n

\n

并发的话云函数上的预置并发上限 200 个，订单系统嘛，QPS1000?10000?100000? ezpz了，再怎么也比自家机柜服务器强几百几千个量级了。

\n

\n

内存算力不够服务器扩容？不存在的。

\n

最后

\n

生成个 VUE 项目，改改链接调调页面，然后上传到存储桶上，一键打开 CDN ~(￣▽￣)~*完美！

\n

察觉到了到了科技的进步，时代的发展，Serverless 的强大。

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

欢迎访问：Serverless 中文网，您可以在 最佳实践 里体验更多关于 Serverless 应用的开发！

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