{"componentChunkName":"component---src-templates-blog-detail-tsx","path":"/blog/2018-04-25-what-are-serverless-components-how-use","result":{"data":{"currentBlog":{"id":"0f1a8a9f-abef-5221-9f39-ac12d78e30c7","frontmatter":{"thumbnail":"https://img.serverlesscloud.cn/20191213/1576236926383-serverless-components.gif","authors":["BrianNeisler"],"categories":["news","guides-and-tutorials"],"date":"2018-04-25T00:00:00.000Z","title":"Serverless Component 是什么，我怎样使用它？","description":"Serverless Component 介绍和使用指南","authorslink":["https://serverless.com/author/brianneisler/"],"translators":["Tinafangkunding"],"translatorslink":["http://github.com/tinafangkunding/"],"tags":["Component","Serverless"],"keywords":"Serverless 使用指南,Serverless Component介绍,Serverless Component使用","outdated":null},"wordCount":{"words":309,"sentences":45,"paragraphs":45},"fileAbsolutePath":"/opt/build/repo/content/blog/2018-04-25-what-are-serverless-components-how-use.md","fields":{"slug":"/blog/2018-04-25-what-are-serverless-components-how-use/","keywords":["serverless","云函数","Components","Serverless","serverless","components","Component","开发者","serverlesscloud"]},"html":"

Serverless Components 的目标是什么？

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我们希望通过 Serverless Components 让广大开发者更加便捷，平滑的联动云厂商提供的种种服务。

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当前，构建一个应用意味着你可以挑选种种 SaaS 服务并且管理他们（例如 serverless 服务），之后将其整合为一个适用的解决方案。这很棒，因为这样做更快并且开销更小。

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但这样的做法也会十分复杂。为了将这些服务整合在一起，你需要大量的手工配置，并且当前没有很多工具可以帮你来构建和管理自己的应用架构。

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初识 Serverless Components

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Serverless Components 目标就是改变当前开发者面对的这一切。

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针对各个云厂商/SaaS 厂商的基础服务，Components 提供了编排这些资源和业务代码的统一标准。就像乐高积木一样，你可以使用多个 Components 非常轻松的搭建你的应用。

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Serverless Components 还提供了完善的，由社区贡献驱动的开发者生态。你可以很方便的浏览和优化这些 Components。最终的结果就是你可以极大的节省开发时间，不需要从头开始构建你的 Full Stack 应用，取而代之的是可以利用已有的组件快速构建并按自己的需求调整。

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Serverless Components 运行机制

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接下来让我们来看一下，怎样使用 Serverless Components 来快速构建一个完整的 Serverless 应用。

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统一的体验

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所有的云服务都可以被封装为一个 Serverless Component。

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每个 Component 都支持对相应云服务的创建，回滚和移除操作，这些都可以通过 Serverless Components CLI 实现。

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开发者只需要配置 Components 提供该服务所需的最少配置，其余的都会采用默认配置的方式提供。这样可以更方便的创建对应的资源。引用一个 Component 的时候，只需要在 serverless.yml 文件中增加 “components” 属性，并且引用这个 Component，如图所示。

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\"serverless

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如上所示，可以通过运行 serverless 命令来创建一个对象存储的存储桶资源。

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组合更高维度的 Components

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假设你希望在腾讯云部署一个基于 Serverless 架构的 Express.js 框架。为了完成这个框架的搭建，你需要在 API 网关服务中创建新的 API ，并且用这个 API 来调用云函数服务；为了完成基本的数据操作，还需要创建、连接并且调用数据库服务（假设为 PostgreSQL ）进行增删改查。

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我们当前支持了该框架所需的所有 Components 。每个组件都可以通过十分简单参数进行配置，你可以根据这些配置编排底层对应的云资源，并且快速、方便的进行服务的部署。

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所有的 Serverless Components 都可以结合在一起，并且构成一个更大、功能更丰富的 Component。

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我们把这三个基础的 Components (PostgreSQL、API Gateway、SCF）组合起来构造一个 Express.js 的框架，并且他们将组成一个新的、更高维度的 Express Component。如图所示，这些配置也都会在 serverless.yml 文件中体现。

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\"serverless

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根据这张图可以看出 Components 的价值。当你构建一个 Express 框架的时候，你需要做很多准备工作，需要开通、配置很多产品，比如创建函数，配置 REST API，配置和连接 DB等。

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但事实上你可以通过抽象这些基础 Components 来节省很多类似的配置工作，并且 Express.js 这些框架组件可以使用很多默认配置进行部署，并且只暴露最简单的，面向业务的配置项。

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\"serverless

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此外，你还可以在其他项目中复用这个 Express Component。或者其他的开发者也可以在自己的项目中使用它，并且只需要根据自己的业务简单调整下配置。例如，他们可能会修改 REST API 的路径或者支持的协议等。

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\"serverless

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最终，这些更高维度的 Components 变成来各种常用场景，可以被开发者快速使用并且复用、整合。

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组合 Components 构建整个应用

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现在让我们从更加宏观的角度来看这个 Express 框架。当你希望部署整个应用的时候，需求会变得更加复杂和全面。例如你需要对动态资源和静态资源做隔离，优化页面的访问速度，提供更丰富的 API 等。

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别担心，你依然可以利用 Serverless Components 进一步扩展和完善你的应用。只需要把这个高维度的 Component 和更多其他 Components 组合，就可以构建更加完整的应用。如下图所示，一个完整的 Full-Stack 应用可以通过持续组合 Serverless Components 实现。

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\"serverless

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像所有其他的 Components 一样，其他开发者也可以轻松的复用这个 Full-Stack 组件，并且只需要暴露出最简单的配置信息。

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我们认为 Serverless 是围绕场景的，无需对基础资源做过多对配置和管理。我们希望 Components 可以让基础设施对开发者更加透明，开发者可以专注于业务逻辑和场景，并且通过开源社区的方式，让这些场景可共享、可复用，同时进一步促进开发者生态。

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准备好体验 Serverless Components 了吗?

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刚刚我们演示了一个全栈应用的部署方式，如果你希望进一步了解 Components, 欢迎访问 Serverless Components 的 Github 主页，并且查看当前支持的场景模板。

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我们当前提供了几种基础 Components，你可以灵活组合他们，并且创建自己所需的高维度的应用场景。我们十分欢迎对 Serverless Components 仓库 的开源贡献，也非常期待开发者的建议和反馈！

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如果你对 Serverless Components 感兴趣，这里有一些实践文章可以进一步参考：

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当前 Serverless Component 也支持多语言开发框架的快速部署，可以移步组件页面进一步查看：

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\"serverless

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Serverless Components 的下一步规划

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我们相信 Components 可以带来非常理想的 Serverless 开发体验，并且我们计划将该能力和当前的 Serverless Framework 整合在一起。此外，我们计划提供公共的 Components 注册中心，通过该能力，开发者可以更加迅速的进行部署，并且也更方便进行版本管理和团队协作。

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